Charging principle of solar controller

Solar charge controller source mainly divided into PWM solar street lamps controller charging principle, principle of MPPT solar street lamps controller charging, the MPPT of solar street lamps controller charging principle of ON - OFF solar street lamps controller type charging principle, only know solar charge controller source principle in detail see how solar controller, solar controller is how to set up how to use, take a look at the solar controller charging source exactly how those? As shown below.

I. PWM solar controller charging source:

1. When the voltage of the solar cell does not reach the set value, the MOSFET is in the fully open state, and the charging current is the maximum value. Because of the v-i characteristics of photovoltaic, the charging at this stage is equivalent to the constant current charging state.

2, when the battery voltage to set data, MOSFET as intermittent opening pattern, through the model into the battery current, the purpose of this phase controller constantly adjust the opening time of MOSFET, to achieve the purpose of storage battery voltage stability, the stage controller constantly adjust the opening time of MOSFET, to achieve the purpose of storage battery voltage stability, prevent the battery overcharge, the charging current is continuously decreased.

Advantages: simple structure, low cost.

Disadvantages: discontinuous charging current, large ripple of battery charge.

Ii. Charging source of MPPT solar controller:

When the voltage of solar lithium battery does not reach the set value, the controller dc-dc circuit continuously adjusts the PV input voltage to maintain the maximum PV output power. This stage is generally called the maximum power charging stage or BULK charging stage.

2. When the battery voltage reaches the setting setting, the dc-dc circuit of the controller will switch to the CV charging mode to keep the battery voltage stable. As the storage power is more and more close to the full state, the charging current will automatically become smaller and smaller.

Advantages: high charging efficiency, small voltage ripple of the battery, suitable for PV board with wide voltage range.

Disadvantages: complex structure, low cost.

3. On-off solar controller charging source:

1, when the battery voltage does not reach the set value, the MOSFET is fully open.

2, when the battery voltage reached the set value, (overcharge voltage), MOSFET for the full off state.

3, when the battery voltage is lower than the set value (overcharge return voltage), MOSFET open again.

4. Repeat the first and second steps throughout the charging process.

Advantages: simple structure, low cost.

Disadvantages: single charging control point, no multi-stage battery charging management, affecting battery life.

The role of solar controller is used to protect the battery to prevent overcharge on discharge, cloudy charging current variable hours is no booster function, common panels is with the battery of battery matching 12 v7 Ann with 15-20 w panels, their assembly according to the condition by lithium battery series parallel panels rated voltage 18 v 0.7-1 a output current, the smallest controller is 5 a can satisfy your requirement. The calculation method is the same as the usual battery charging method, except that the solar charging time is short and the current is variable, which can be slightly larger than the design of 0.1c. (a 7-hour battery can do nothing but bring an LED light, which is more appropriate).

The solar controller should have the following basic functions

1. Overload protection.

Short circuit protection.

3, reverse discharge protection.

4. Polarity reverse connection protection.

5. Lightning protection.

5. Under-voltage protection.

6. Overcharge protection.

7. Load startup recovery Settings.

To know the principle of solar charge controller, to the correct understanding of solar controller, and then according to the actual custom work lithium-ion batteries to try all kinds of solar controller, learn how to set up the solar street light controller, is the only source familiar with the solar charge controller to know how to set up the solar controller, so don't make mistakes in the use, the above battery PACK net source for solar charge controller is little knowledge of a summary, for understanding, view the site map, can understand more about solar controller are the recharge source of motivation.